[System Study_008] Cargo Tank Level Gauging: One Number, Two Paths
A radar cargo tank level gauge carries one outbound authority - A2, provide information. That single number feeds both the Bill of Lading and the automatic shutdown valve.
Written by · 16 articles
Julius Shin
[System Study_007] The Cargo That Consumes Its Own Environment
A systems-engineering analysis of the wellboat live-fish well containment, circulation and loading system — typology composition, directional authority, physical effect, and the clause that does not exist.
[System Study_006] Hold Washing: When Clean Is Defined by Contract
An engineering and authority analysis of the bulk carrier hold washing system (SYS-035) — why its completion criterion comes from the charterparty rather than a regulation, and what that changes about its cyber exposure.
[System Study_005] Gas Bunkering: A Safety Function Across Two Hulls
The ESD link and vapour-return line of an LNG bunkering vessel bind two ships into one safety function. An engineering and authority analysis of SYS-215.
[System Study_004] Crude Oil Washing: The System That Rules Built
An engineering and cyber analysis of the crude oil washing system — five BOM rows, four typologies, and a safety case owned by a neighbouring system.
[System Study_003] The Dust Collector That Concentrates What It Removes
A systems-engineering analysis of the shipboard dry-bulk dust collection and filtration system — typology, authority, physical effect, and why one differential-pressure signal governs it.
[System Study_002] The Loading Computer: Architecture, Interaction & Authority in Ship Loading Systems
A systems-engineering breakdown of the ship Loading Computer — interactions, authority, physical effect and the cyber threats that follow.
[Ship Family_001] LNG Carriers: When Boiling Cargo Designs the Ship
An LNG carrier does not hold its cargo, it handles it. A working guide to what the ship carries, how it is laid out, what it repeats every voyage, and who inspects it.
[System Study_001] Anti-Heeling: When One Sensor Moves Hundreds of Tonnes
A system no regulation requires holds one of the shortest physical authority paths on a ship. A typology-level analysis of anti-heeling under the Interaction-Authority-Physical Effect model.
The Next Decade of Maritime Cyber Regulation, Read Through Five Stages of Environmental Rules
Ballast water, EEDI, CII and the EU ETS took thirty years to move from guidelines to money. Mapping that five-stage pattern onto cyber regulation after IACS UR E26/E27: fast, base and slow scenarios for retrofits, ratings and pricing, and five signals to watch each quarter.